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Concrete Calculator (2026) – Cubic Yards, Bags & Cost

Calculate cubic yards, cubic feet, bag counts, and ready-mix cost for slabs, footings, columns, sonotubes, and steps — with a 10% waste factor built in. Updated for 2026 US pricing.

For driveways, patios, garage floors, sidewalks, and any flat rectangular pour.

Horizontal measurement of the slab

For continuous footings, foundation walls, and retaining walls.

Typical footing width: 1.0–2.0 ft
Typical footing depth: 1.0–2.0 ft

For round columns, sonotubes (concrete tube forms), and fence/deck post holes.

Depth of post hole or height of column

For front entry steps, porch steps, and exterior concrete stairs.

Width of the full staircase
Typical rise: 6–8 inches
Typical tread: 10–12 inches
US avg $150–200/yd³ in 2026
Add 5–10% for spills & uneven grade

Results

Adjust inputs and click Calculate

1.23 yd³ Cubic Yards (incl. waste)
33.3 ft³Cubic Feet
$197Estimated Cost
1.11 yd³Net (no waste)
0.11 yd³Waste Amount
✅ Add 10% waste: order 1.23 yd³ or bags
Bag Count Breakdown
40 lb bags (0.30 ft³ each)
50 lb bags (0.375 ft³ each)
60 lb bags (0.45 ft³ each)
80 lb bags (0.60 ft³ each)
90 lb bags (0.675 ft³ each)

*Bags recommended for <1 yd³ projects. Use ready-mix for larger pours. Prices vary by supplier and region.

How to Calculate Concrete — The Formula

Concrete volume is always calculated in cubic feet first, then converted to cubic yards (divide by 27) for ready-mix orders, or kept in cubic feet for bag calculations.

Slab Formula (Rectangular)

Cubic Feet = Length (ft) × Width (ft) × Thickness (ft) Cubic Yards = Cubic Feet ÷ 27 Example: 10 ft × 10 ft × (4 in ÷ 12) = 10 × 10 × 0.333 = 33.3 ft³ = 1.23 yd³

Round Column / Sonotube Formula

Cubic Feet = π × (Diameter ÷ 2)² × Height Example: 10-inch diameter × 24-inch depth: = 3.1416 × (0.417 ft)² × 2 ft = 1.09 ft³ per hole

Steps Formula

Each step volume = Width × Riser Height × Cumulative Depth Total = sum of all steps (pyramid method) 3 steps at 4 ft wide, 7-in rise, 12-in tread ≈ 1.17 ft³
💡 Always add 5–10% waste. Real pours lose concrete to form bulging, surface irregularities, spills, and residue left in the mixer drum. For rough or uneven ground, use 10%. For smooth, well-formed slabs, 5% is acceptable. This calculator uses 10% by default — adjust in the waste factor field.

Bags vs. Ready-Mix — Which Should You Use?

The decision between bagged concrete and ready-mix depends almost entirely on project volume. The crossover point is roughly 0.75–1.0 cubic yards.

FactorBagged ConcreteReady-Mix (Truck)
Best project sizeUnder 0.75 yd³ (20 ft³)Over 1 yd³
Cost per yd³$200–$350 (80 lb bags)$150–$200
SetupMixer or by hand, any timeMust be ready when truck arrives
Minimum orderAs little as 1 bagUsually 1 full truck (8–10 yd³)
Short-load feeNone$15–$25/yd³ under minimum
LaborHigh — mixing is physicalLow — truck mixes and pours
Quality consistencyVariable — depends on mixingConsistent — plant-batched
Recommended forPost holes, small pads, repairsDriveways, slabs, foundations
Ready-mix minimum orders: Most US concrete suppliers have a minimum delivery of 1 full truck (8–10 cubic yards). If you need less, you'll pay a short-load surcharge of $15–$25 per yard. For orders under 3 yards, sometimes a concrete contractor's leftover mix ("short load" from another job) can be purchased at reduced rates — ask local suppliers.

2026 Concrete Cost Guide

Concrete costs vary significantly by US region, PSI mix strength, and whether you're buying bags or ready-mix. Here are 2026 benchmarks:

Ready-Mix Cost by US Region

US RegionPrice per Cubic YardKey States
Northeast$175 – $225/yd³NY, NJ, CT, MA, PA
West Coast$165 – $215/yd³CA, WA, OR
Midwest$140 – $175/yd³IL, OH, MI, MN, IN
South$130 – $165/yd³TX, FL, GA, NC, TN
Mountain West$150 – $190/yd³CO, AZ, NV, UT

Bag Concrete Cost (2026)

Bag SizeYield (ft³)Avg. PriceCost per yd³
40 lb bag0.30 ft³$5.50 – $7.00~$280 – $350
50 lb bag0.375 ft³$6.50 – $8.50~$260 – $340
60 lb bag0.45 ft³$7.00 – $9.50~$230 – $310
80 lb bag0.60 ft³$9.00 – $12.00~$210 – $280
90 lb bag0.675 ft³$10.00 – $13.50~$200 – $270

Source: aggregated Home Depot, Lowe's, and regional supplier pricing, 2026. Prices vary by location and fluctuate with cement commodity prices.

Concrete Mix Ratios & PSI Guide

Not all concrete is the same. The PSI (pounds per square inch) rating tells you the compressive strength — the higher the PSI, the stronger and more expensive the mix. Use the right PSI for your project type.

ApplicationRecommended PSIStandard Mix RatioNotes
Sidewalks, patios2,500 – 3,000 PSI1:2:3Standard residential flatwork
Driveways3,000 – 3,500 PSI1:1.5:3Needs to handle vehicle weight
Garage floors3,500 – 4,000 PSI1:1.5:3Consider fiber mesh reinforcement
Foundations / footings3,500 – 4,500 PSI1:1:2Check local code requirements
Structural columns4,000 – 5,000 PSI1:1:2Usually requires engineer spec
Pool decks4,000 PSI1:1.5:3Add air-entraining admixture
Commercial / industrial5,000+ PSIEngineered mixRequires structural engineering

Mix ratios are expressed as cement : sand : aggregate by volume. Higher cement ratios = higher PSI but also higher cost and more shrinkage cracking risk. For most residential work, a bagged mix labeled "General Purpose" or "3000 PSI" is appropriate.

Concrete Thickness by Project Type

Thickness is the most impactful variable in how much concrete you need. A 6-inch slab uses 50% more concrete than a 4-inch slab of the same area. Always verify local building code requirements — some jurisdictions have minimum thickness mandates.

ProjectRecommended ThicknessNotes
Sidewalks4 inchesACI minimum for exterior flatwork
Patio / backyard slab4 inchesIncrease to 6 in for heavy outdoor furniture
Residential driveway4 – 6 inches6 in recommended for SUVs and trucks
Garage floor4 – 6 inchesThicken to 6 in around perimeter/edges
Pool deck4 – 5 inchesNon-slip finish required
Commercial driveway6 – 8 inchesFor delivery trucks, 8 in minimum
Residential foundation8 – 12 inchesVerify with local building code
Heavy equipment pad8 – 12 inchesRequires structural engineering for >10 tons

Frequently Asked Questions

How many bags of concrete do I need for a 10×10 slab?
A 10×10 slab at 4 inches thick = 33.3 cubic feet = 1.23 cubic yards (plus 10% waste = 1.36 yd³). That requires approximately: 111 × 40 lb bags, 74 × 60 lb bags, or 56 × 80 lb bags. For this volume, ordering ready-mix is significantly cheaper and easier than mixing 56–74 bags by hand. Use the Bag Calculator for exact counts on any size project.
How do I calculate yards of concrete?
Formula: Cubic Yards = (Length × Width × Thickness in feet) ÷ 27. Convert thickness to feet first — divide inches by 12. Then multiply by 1.10 to add 10% waste. Example: 20 ft × 10 ft × 4 in: 20 × 10 × (4÷12) = 66.67 ft³ ÷ 27 = 2.47 yd³ × 1.10 = 2.72 yd³ to order.
How much does a yard of concrete cost in 2026?
In 2026, ready-mix concrete costs $130–$225 per cubic yard depending on US region (Northeast is most expensive; South is least). Most suppliers charge a minimum delivery of 8–10 yards. Short-load fees of $15–$25/yd³ apply for smaller orders. Expect to pay a base delivery charge of $150–$300 regardless of volume. Total installed cost (concrete + labor + finishing) for a residential slab runs $4–$8 per square foot.
What is the difference between cubic yards and cubic feet of concrete?
1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet. Ready-mix suppliers price and measure in cubic yards. Bag calculators use cubic feet. To convert: divide cubic feet by 27 to get cubic yards. To convert the other way: multiply cubic yards by 27 to get cubic feet. The calculator above shows both automatically.
How much concrete do I need for fence posts?
A standard 10-inch diameter × 24-inch deep post hole needs 0.545 ft³ of concrete. One 50 lb bag (0.375 ft³) isn't quite enough — use one 60 lb or 80 lb bag per hole. For a 6-foot privacy fence with posts every 8 feet (20 posts), you need approximately 11 ft³ or 0.4 cubic yards — about 18–20 bags of 60 lb concrete. Use the Footing Calculator for exact post hole volumes.
How long does concrete take to cure?
Concrete reaches initial set in 24–48 hours (safe to walk on). It reaches 70% strength at 7 days and full design strength (100%) at 28 days. For vehicle traffic on a driveway: wait 7 days minimum, 28 days recommended. Concrete continues gaining trace strength for years. Cold weather (below 50°F) significantly slows curing — cover with insulating blankets and avoid pouring when temps drop below 40°F.
What is the standard concrete mix ratio for a driveway?
The standard residential driveway concrete mix is 3,500 PSI with a 1:1.5:3 ratio (1 part cement : 1.5 parts sand : 3 parts aggregate) and a water-cement ratio of 0.45–0.50. Most bagged "driveway mix" products are pre-blended to this spec. For ready-mix, specify "3,500 PSI, 3/4-inch aggregate, 4-inch slump."